Weitzenegger's Publication Review 2009

Weitzenegger's Publication Review

'Beyond Economics' - Launch of SID's Development journal
http://tinyurl.com/yg52pap
The latest issue of Development, the flagship journal of the Society for International Development, has just been published. Entitled ‘'Beyond Economics' Volume 52 number 3 takes up the challenge of rethinking the culture of economics in the wake of the current financial crisis. It explores what needs to change in economic theory and policy in order to address the food, finance, climate and (the less visible) care crises.

Africa Consolidates on Macro-economic Progress
http://www.uneca.org/gpad/agr2/macro-economicagrii.pdf
The second edition of the African Governance Report (AGR II) published by the Economic Commission for Africa (ECA) indicates that substantial progress has been achieved in the macroeconomic environment. Growth rates, lower inflation rates and public finance management improvements mark the economic plane in Africa.

Beyond Planning: Markets and Networks for Better Aid. Center for Global Development.
http://www.cgdev.org/content/publications/detail/1422971/
According to this document, the political economy of aid agencies is driven by incomplete information and multiple competing objectives and confounded by principal-agent and collective-action problems. Policies to improve aid rely too much on a planning paradigm that tries to ignore, rather than change, the political economy of aid. A considered combination of market mechanisms, networked collaboration, and collective regulation would be more likely to lead to significant improvements. The priority should be on reforms that put pressure on the aid system to evolve in the right direction rather than on grand designs.

Busting the cluster myths
http://tinyurl.com/ybdfnmn
Conventional wisdom states that being part of a cluster is integral to companies operating within certain sectors. Lara Williams at FDI Magazine investigates whether business clusters justify the huge hype that surrounds them. Despite a common belief that industry clusters are good for local economies, it is still not clear what the concept means from a company perspective.

Do CCTs Lessen the Impact of the Current Economic Crisis? Yes, but...
http://www.ipc-undp.org/pub/IPCOnePager96.pdf
The recent financial and economic crisis has sparked a debate on whether conditional cash transfer (CCT) programmes make families less vulnerable to that crisis. This link between the crisis and CCTs was made because countries like Brazil, which have large CCT programmes, were enduring the impacts better than most others. Produced by: The International Policy Centre for Inclusive Growth

First European Report on Development
http://erd.eui.eu
The first European Report on Development (ERD), entitled 'Overcoming Fragility in Africa – Forging a New European Approach', was launched on 22nd October. The report focuses on the issue of fragility in its various dimensions, on its implications for development policies and on the approaches to tackle it. The ERD is a multi-annual process which aims to enhance a European perspective on development issues by building common ground between the European research community and policy-makers.

Global Value Chains, Technology Transfer and Local Firm Upgrading in Non-OECD Countries
http://www.giga-hamburg.de/workingpapers
Drawing on innovation and growth models as much as on value chain literature, Juliane Brach and Robert Kappel outline an analytical model for empirical research on local firm upgrading in non-OECD countries and technology transfer within global value chains. GIGA Working Paper No 110.

GTZ Value Chains Promotion Guideline from El Salvador
Volume 1: Private sector (Entrepreneurs)
http://www2.gtz.de/dokumente/bib/gtz2009-0215en-value-chains-private-sector.pdf
Volume 2: Business Development Service Providers (BDS)
http://www2.gtz.de/dokumente/bib/gtz2009-0216en-value-chains-bds.pdf
The objective in this GFA guide by Carmen Langner and Wolfgang Demenusis to lead in a direct and practical way to the development and promotion of value chains in the Salvadoran context. It emphasizes in opportunities and benefits that a chain promotion can offer entrepreneur actors, explaining its won role and the support they can get from different institutions. Volume 2 is addressed to BDS providers.

Handbook on Women-owned SMEs:
Challenges and Opportunities in Policies and Programmes
http://www.globalknowledgepartnership.org/gkp/index.cfm/elementid/3596
In this book, a number of authors who come from different parts of the world and who have complementary experience, venture into issues confronting WOEs with respect to knowledge and competence development. Discussing and comparing the situation of WOEs in different countries and under varying circumstances, the contributions to this book assume a global outlook.

Joint evaluations - Challenges and Opportunities
http://www.sadev.se/Uploads/Files/338.pdf
This SADEV study was commissioned by OECD DAC Evaluation Network.
With an increasing number of donors having experience in working jointly on evaluations, it is a valuable exercise to capture these donors’ perceptions of joint evaluation work. This should pave the way for finding opportunities and approaches for overcoming remaining obstacles, permitting an increased reliance on – and hence increased participation in – joint evaluations.

Private sector led growth and development cooperation
http://www.diis.dk/sw85609.asp
This DIIS paper goes through the history of and rationale for support to the private sector, and it identifies a number of distinct approaches to the subject. Moreover, the paper discusses these approaches in the context of the Paris Declaration and notes a conspicuous lack of coherence between the approaches to private sector development and the principles of the Declaration.

Social Watch Report 2009 - Making finances work: People first
http://www.socialwatch.org/node/799
People first, Over sixty reports from civil society organizations around the world show that the only way out of the current ecological and economic crisis is to invest in people.

The Global Economic Crisis Hampers Human Development. How?
http://www.ipc-undp.org/pub/IPCOnePager95.pdf
For developing economies the current crisis means reduced demand for their exports, a decline in capital inflows and lower income from tourism. This One Pager discusses the transmission of the crisis from changes in aggregate variables to its impact on progress towards human development. The focus is on African economies. Produced by: The International Policy Centre for Inclusive Growth.

Theory, General Equilibrium, Political Economy and Empirics in Development Economics
http://tinyurl.com/ycqz5kq
Daron Acemoglu argues in this paper that economic theory plays (should play) a central role in formulating models, estimates of which can be used for counterfactual and policy analysis. He emphasises why relying solely on instruments for this type of analysis may be insufficient, and discusses why, in certain instances, counterfactual analysis based on microdata that ignores general equilibrium and political economy issues may lead to misleading conclusions.
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. October 2009.

ADB Improving Its Development Effectiveness, Says Report
http://www.adb.org/article.asp?id=12936
ADB operations have delivered tangible benefits to the lives of millions of people in Asia and the Pacific over the past four years, while there are several areas needing further improvement at both the project level and within the organization itself, says a new development effectiveness report.

Aid for Trade - Review urges trade opening to combat global recession
http://ictsd.net/i/news/bridgesweekly/50312/
According to participants at the Second Global Review of Aid for Trade, developing countries should open their borders to trade in order to stimulate economic growth. The two-day meeting was held in Geneva and brought together heads of regional and global financial institutions as well as international development agencies. Strategies for improving trade capacities for developing countries amid the ongoing global economic slowdown were discussed.

Climate Change Reference Guide and Glossary
http://tinyurl.com/yexb39q
This is an updated version of the reference guide that originally appeared in State of the World 2009: Into a Warming World, published by the Worldwatch Institute.

Economic Development in Africa Report 2009
http://tinyurl.com/ybh9fcv
Strengthening regional economic integration for Africa’s development
The Economic Development in Africa Report 2009 was published by UNCTAD. It argues that regional integration is essential for sustained development on the continent, especially within the context of crisis. The report analyses trends in the trade of goods and services, migration and investment, assessing the potential for increasing them in ways that support economic development. Source: GTZ.

Fighting Poverty with Facts: Community-Based Monitoring Systems
http://tinyurl.com/y8db6dc
This book and case studies show how accurate local information can help reduce poverty and improve governance.

Financing for Development and the Reform of the Financial Architecture: A View from Latin America
http://library.fes.de/pdf-files/iez/global/06318.pdf
DoG Briefing Paper N° 5by Fabiola Mieres, FES Buenos Aires.

GIGA Journals available free-of-charge on the Internet
http://hup.sub.uni-hamburg.de/giga/
The four renowned academic journals of the GIGA German Institute of Global and Area Studies are now available online and free-of-charge. Every Internet user can now access the full content of the GIGA Journal Family at no cost, which means that the reach of the journals is now significantly greater.

How to ensure development friendly economic partnership agreements. Lessons across regions
http://tinyurl.com/ydnfolv
Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs) provide an important opportunity for deeper regional integration, broader trade with the European Union and enhanced economic and social development in the African, Caribbean and Pacifi c (ACP) countries. Based on a thorough legal, institutional, and economic assessment, the authors explore the link between the rules negotiated under comprehensive EPAs and their development potential. And they provide fresh ideas into how we can best ensure that EPAs assist ACP countries in reaping the gains of regional integration and trade.

How to Reform the International Financial System?
http://library.fes.de/pdf-files/iez/global/06693.pdf
FES Briefing Paper 11-2009 by Xu Mingqi, FES Shanghai, September 2009
With the peak of the financial crisis in the rear window, Xu Mingqi gives a Chinese perspective on how to reform the international financial system in order to avoid similar future crises.

International Migration Outlook: SOPEMI 2009
http://tinyurl.com/y9js9yt
This publication examines the economic crisis and its impact on international migration, describes how flows and migration policy have been recently affected by the crisis, and analyses the forecast medium and long-term impact.

Is there demand for formality among informal firms:
evidence from microfirms in downtown Lima
http://tinyurl.com/y8omoyg
Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik Discussion Paper 12/2009 Miguel Jaramillo.

Knowledge Web on SMEs and entrepreneurship:
Ambitious entrepreneurship, high-growth firms and macroeconomic growth
http://tinyurl.com/y8m523n
The study assesses the impact of ambitious entrepreneurship and high growth firms on subsequent macroeconomic growth for a sample of countries. According to the study, ambitious entrepreneurship - entrepreneurs expecting to grow their firm - has a positive impact on macroeconomic growth. The study reveals that the effects of ambitious entrepreneurship are stronger than that of entrepreneurship in general. Moreover, its effects are stronger in low-income countries that in high-income countries. In particular, established high-growth firms do not seem to drive macroeconomic growth.

NORRAG News 42 - A safari towards aid effectiveness?
http://www.norrag.org/latest_issue.php
This issue of NORRAG News takes a critical look at the Paris declaration & the Accra agenda for action as part of the new aid reform architecture.

Regional Atlas on West Africa
http://tinyurl.com/yag8g76
This atlas describes the West African region, its population, settlement, territories, its economy and its vulnerabilities. It analyses the developments and the ways in which West Africa is conforming to a constantly changing global environment.

Sustainable Economic Development in Conflict-Affected Environments
http://tinyurl.com/18r
This comprehensive GTZ-Guidebook on Sustainable Economic Development in Conflict affected Environments synthesises that work and contributes to the current international efforts, in particular of the Donor Committee for Enterprise Development (DCED), to improve economic development approaches in these difficult conditions. It explains the challenges of working in a conflictive environment and guides development practitioners towards successful project planning, implementation and monitoring.

The rising importance of sustainable development in the South American trade agenda
http://tinyurl.com/yby99p8
This paper recently published by IISD summarizes the main findings of four national case studies (Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Peru). It puts forward the hypothesis that the links between trade and environmental and labour issues have gained importance when it comes to the performance of exports and trade negotiations of Latin American countries.

World Bank: Doing business 2010: Reforming through difficult times
http://tinyurl.com/y9ncgjg
The report assesses the ease of doing business in a wide range of countries based on a set of specified indicators affecting 10 areas of everyday business: starting a business, enforcing contracts, employing workers, getting credit, closing a business, registering property, protecting investors, dealing with construction permits, paying taxes and trading cross borders. The 10 indicators are updated, and the countries ranked according to the analysis of economic outcomes.

June/July 2009

CIPE Guide to Governance Reform: Strategic Planning for Emerging Markets
http://tinyurl.com/lmljz9
In order for democracy to deliver value to citizens, it must be founded on good governance. Accountability, transparency, and citizen input in decision-making create the foundation for prosperous, entrepreneurial societies. Good governance is the means by which citizens of emerging markets countries devise local solutions to local problems.

David Roodman’s Microfinance Open Book Blog
http://blogs.cgdev.org/open_book/
This Open Book Blog is a way to share the writing of a book about the history and impacts of microfinance. CGD research fellow David Roodman posts and seeks feedback on draft chapters, burning questions, and useful sources.

EC's report on EU development finance
http://www.eurodad.org/whatsnew/articles.aspx?id=3583
On the 8th of April 2009 the European Commission released its annual development finance Communication: ‘‘Supporting Developing Countries in Coping with the Crisis”. Eurodad has summarized and analysed the main elements on four issues central to aid effectiveness, debt, reform of international financial institutions, and taxation. For Eurodad, the EC's annual Communication, based on questionnaires sent to Member States, is a useful, if limited, accountability exercise. It shows that much more needs to be done to implement existing European commitments on development finance, and to go further now that the financial and economic crises are severely affecting developing countries and may push a further 100 million people into poverty in 2009. Source: Eurodad

Entrepreneurship in post-conflict transition : the role of informality and access to finance
http://tinyurl.com/nczugr
The World Bank authors examine the factors affecting the transition to self-employment in Bosnia and Herzegovina, using the World Bank Living Standard Measurement Survey panel household survey for the years 2001-2004. In the beginning of the sample, the country changed its legal framework, with the primary aim to promote labor market flexibility and to encourage entrepreneurial activity. The analysis identifies individuals that switched to self-employment (employers and own account) during the sample period and the viability of this transition, in terms of business survival for more than one year. The results suggest an important role for financing constraints. Specifically, wealthier households are more likely to become entrepreneurs and survive in self-employment. After controlling for household wealth, having an existing bank relationship increases the likelihood of starting a business with hired employees and increases the chances of survival for the new entrepreneur. By contrast, overseas - and in some cases domestic - remittances decrease the likelihood of becoming an entrepreneur. Source: GTZ Online - Library Sustainable Economic Development.

European Development Cooperation to 2020
http://www.edc2020.eu/fileadmin/Textdateien/EDC2020_WP4_Webversion.pdf
This paper has been produced as part of a programme of work on the prospects for European Union development co-operation in the period up to 2020. It focuses specifically on the challenges Europe faces by the emergence of new actors in international development co-operation. In the past 10-15 years, the established development donors in the OECD's Development Assistance Committee (DAC) have forged a consensus about what aid is for, where it should be best directed and how it should be managed. With the increasing salience of a variety of new actors in international development, both governmental and nongovernmental, this consensus is being challenged at a time when aid budgets are under threat and when there are other new challenges for development cooperation, not least climate change. Source: EDC2020.

Finance in the Value Chain Framework
http://collab2.cgap.org//gm/document-1.9.34593/09.pdf
Value chain finance' is defined and applied in many ways, referenced in countless articles and discussed at numerous conferences. This USAID brief paper is designed to clarify the term for practitioners, implementers and donors. Source: GTZ Online - Library Sustainable Economic Development.

Guide to responsible sourcing
http://tinyurl.com/dfqfjf
To help companies develop their own approaches to responsible sourcing, this guide provides a series of practical steps from a global and multisectoral perspective. These steps are based on real-life experiences from around the world, and can be used by companies of all sizes, sectors and regions.

How green is EU's development aid?
http://www.birdlife.org/news/news/2009/05/envi_tools.html
BirdLife International, FERN and WWF presented a new study analysing how useful are the EU tools designed to integrate environmental concerns into its development aid. To do so the report looks at 21 geographically diverse Country and Regional Environment Profiles (CEP& REP)”, and assesses them on the quality and information they provide using a standardised checklist. Source: BirdLife International

How to Ensure Development Friendly Economic Partnership Agreements –
Lessons Across Regions. Services - Investment - Other Trade Dimensions
http://www2.gtz.de/wbf/doc/How_to_ensure_development_friendly_EPAs.pdf
Negotiations on Economic Partnership Agreements (EPA) of the European Commission and the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) group of countries have been ongoing since 2002, and they have attracted much attention from the development community. BMZ and GTZ have commissioned a series of analyses into issues covered by the CARIFORUM EPA which go beyond the trade in goods debate. By Dr. Regine Qualmann, GTZ Trade Programme. Source: GTZ NEDANews.

Impact assessments in finance and private sector development:
What have we learned and what should we learn ?
http://tinyurl.com/n7ntnl
Until recently rigorous impact evaluations have been rare in the area of finance and private sector development. One reason for this is the perception that many policies and projects in this area lend themselves less to formal evaluations. However, a vanguard of new impact evaluations on areas as diverse as fostering microenterprise growth, microfinance, rainfall insurance, and regulatory reform demonstrates that in many circumstances serious evaluation is possible. The purpose of this World Bank paper is to synthesize and distil the policy and implementation lessons emerging from these studies, use them to demonstrate the feasibility of impact evaluations in a broader array of topics, and thereby help prompt new impact evaluations for projects going forward. Source: GTZ Online - Library Sustainable Economic Development.

Improving impact evaluation production and use
http://tinyurl.com/cqrq3t
The past five years have seen a proliferation of impact evaluations (IEs) by development agencies across the globe. This report was commissioned by the UK Department for International Development’s (DFID’s) Evaluation Department to inform discussions on impact evaluation production and use within the Network of Networks Impact Evaluation Initiative (NONIE). It builds on an initial scoping study prepared for DFID which made recommendations on improving IE production and use, focusing on clustering, coordination, knowledge management, capacity strengthening and communication and uptake. This ODI report goes further by expanding both the literature review and the annotated database of IEs, as well as honing in on specific dynamics of IE production across sectors. Source: GTZ Online - Library Sustainable Economic Development.

Innovative firms or innovative owners ?
Determinants of innovation in micro, small, and medium enterprises
http://tinyurl.com/kq9jos
The authors develop a model of innovation that incorporates the role of both owner and firm characteristics, and use this to determine how product, process, marketing, and organizational innovations should vary with firm size and competition. The analysis finds that more than one-quarter of the microenterprises are engaging in innovation, with marketing innovations the most common. As predicted by the model, firm size has a stronger positive effect, and competition a stronger negative effect, on process and organizational innovations than on product innovations. Owner ability, personality traits, and ethnicity have a significant and substantial impact on the likelihood of a firm innovating, confirming the importance of the entrepreneur in the innovation process. Source: GTZ Online - Library Sustainable Economic Development.

Integrated Financing for Value Chains
http://www.woccu.org/functions/view_document.php?id=value_chain_techguide
WOCCU’s recent technical guide details the methodologies and lessons learned from WOCCU’s experience developing value chain finance initiatives for credit unions in Peru (USAID, 2006-09) and Kenya (USDA, 2006-10). The methodologies in these two countries are relatively new and still evolving, but they have proven successful in providing the missing financial link to help increase agricultural productivity.

Inventory of innovative farmer advisory services using ICTs
http://tinyurl.com/9tktpg
This paper documents all known innovative farmer advisory services or systems, currently in design, in existence or recently completed in Africa. The report notes that currently most farmers’ information is provided either by extension workers, through libraries or via websites. The authors assert that as the number of extension workers has been going down while that of farmers has been growing, there is a need for innovative information systems to address this gap.

Is Informal Normal? Towards More and Better Jobs in Developing Countries
http://tinyurl.com/mr6xov
Two billion people, or two- thirds of the global labour force, work in the informal sector. These workers receive low wages and have no formal contracts or benefits. In the context of the current economic crisis, likely to result in job losses in the formal sector, the study Is Informal Normal? by the OECD Development Centre provides evidence for policy makers on how to respond to the challenge of promoting more and better jobs for all.

Learning from Evaluation
http://tinyurl.com/kqloor
Evaluation serves two main purposes: accountability and learning. Development agencies have tended to prioritize the first, and given responsibility for that to centralized units. But evaluation for learning is the area where observers find the greatest need today and tomorrow. Asian Development Bank Knowledge Solutions by Olivier Serrat.

Open Access Guide for researchers based in Africa: Cheap or free Access to Databases and E-Journals
http://www.ilissafrica.de/en/howto/OpenAccessGuide.html
The internet library sub-Saharan Africa (ilissAfrica) is a portal that offers an integrated access to relevant scientific conventional and digital information resources on the sub-Saharan Africa region.

Participatory Approaches to Value Chain Development
http://collab2.cgap.org//gm/document-1.9.34596/13.pdf
Significant stakeholder involvement in a value chain development initiative increases the likelihood of success and sustainability. With broad participation, solutions to value chain constraints are generally more appropriate to the local setting, and when stakeholders understand and take ownership of the value chain development process they are more likely to remain actively engaged beyond the life of the project. USAID study. Source: GTZ Online - Library Sustainable Economic Development.

Participatory methods in the analysis of poverty: a critical review
http://tinyurl.com/nebw8m
This paper reviews and analyses the literature on on participatory methods in poverty analysis. The popularity of participatory poverty assessments has greatly increased in the last decade, and a growing number of development agents is adopting some forms of participatory methodology. this spread however seems to be possible even without a shared understanding of what participation stands for. This paper starts by introducing the broad lines of the debate on participation, before focusing more specifically on participatory methods in poverty analysis.

Private Sector Development in Post-Conflict Countries: A Review of current Literature and Practice
http://www.enterprise-development.org/download.aspx?id=1294
This Review by Naoise Mac Sweeney and Jim Tanburn discusses the characteristics of the post-conflict private sector, and the ways in which the development community can engage with it. It gives an overview of current approaches and experiences across most agencies active in the field. Edited by the Donor Committee for Enterprise Development (DCED). Source: GTZ NEDANews.

Promoting Economic Innovations in Sub-Sahara Africa
http://www2.gtz.de/wbf/doc/Promoting_Economic_Innovations.pdf
Based on a desktop enquiry, this GTZ paper by Nicole Rippin seeks to describe how innovations in the specific context of SSA emerge and how they can be promoted. Source: GTZ NEDANews.

Quantifying Achievements in Private Sector Development. Implementation Guidelines
http://www.enterprise-development.org/page/library-item?id=1309
These Guidelines have been developed by the Donor Committee for Enterprise Development (DCED) as a companion to the DCED Proposed Methodology for Control Points and Compliance Criteria.

SmartAid for Microfinance Index 2009: Submission Guide. A Technical Guide
http://www.cgap.org/gm/document-1.9.9604/SmartAid_TechnicalGuide.pdf
This SmartAid Technical Guide distills learning from many years of CGAP’s work in aid effectiveness to measure what funders need to support microfinance effectively. The Guide draws from CGAP’s interactions with a broad range of donors and investors - through peer reviews and our ongoing microfinance work together.

Special Economic Zones: Performance, Lessons Learned, and Implications
http://tinyurl.com/mhqcct
This paper examines 30 years of experience in zones, reviewing development patterns and economic impacts of zones worldwide. The experience shows that while zones have been effective in addressing economic growth and development objectives, they have not been uniformly successful; successes in East Asia and Latin America have been difficult to replicate, particularly in Africa, and many zones have failed. Source: GTZ NEDANews.

Striving toward a Competitive Industry: The Importance of Dynamic Value Chain Facilitation
http://www.microlinks.org/ev_en.php?ID=33548_201&ID2=DO_TOPIC
This paper will highlights the importance of dynamic facilitation within the value chain approach. Specifically, it examines approaches for embedding active read-and-respond mechanisms within the management systems of a facilitator, while providing practical examples of how a program actively applies a follow-on facilitation strategy. By David Knopp, USAID. Source: GTZ Online - Library Sustainable Economic Development.

Tasks of the new European Commission
http://library.fes.de/pdf-files/id/ipa/06388.pdf
This publication of the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung covers the financial and economic crisis which represents a window of opportunity for an active European Commission. The Barroso Commission has largely confined itself to managing the EU rather than acting as a driver of reform. The new European Commission will have to be measured by whether it will go beyond the necessary crisis management. What the EU needs is a long-term paradigm shift towards a social EU with a sustainable approach to the economy and a global presence.

The A-Z of German Media Development Cooperation
http://tinyurl.com/kvbrwl
This directory, an initiative by Forum Medien und Entwicklung (FoME), gives you an overview of the institutions and programmes currently involved in German media development cooperation.

The business of product innovation : international empirical evidence
http://tinyurl.com/mzx563 World Bank paper by Daniel Lederman.
It is so widely recognized that innovation is a key driver of economic growth that it is cliché to say so. This article studies product innovation by firms with data from 68 countries, covering more than 25,000 firms in eight manufacturing sectors. The author assesses the predictions of inter-disciplinary research on innovation by firms. The econometric evidence suggests that globalization and local knowledge increase the likelihood that firms will introduce new products. By contrast, domestic regulatory impediments to competition are not robustly correlated with product innovation.

The Debate on the Developmental State: Evidence from the Indian Software Industry
http://www.soas.ac.uk/cdpr/publications/dv/file51754.pdf
The author, , draws on a well documented case study of the successful Indian software industry in staking out a new position on the continuing debate on the preconditions for an effective developmental state. One of his major points is that supporters of such a state often assume, unrealistically, that state autonomy - namely, complete independence from vested political and economic interests- is a prerequisite for successful state interventions, such as in industrial policy. By Jyoti Saraswati, Department of Politics, Queen Mary, University of London, The Centre for Development Policy and Research Development Viewpoint #31.

The Impact of the Business Environment on the Business Creation Process,
http://tinyurl.com/mjncf7
New data from the 2008 World Bank Group Entrepreneurship Survey indicates a very strong and statistically significant relationship between entrepreneurship and a better business environment. Data for 100 countries on the number of total and newly registered corporations over an eight-year period (2000– 2007) were collected directly from registrars of companies around the world. This paper—a product of the World Bank’s Finance and Private Sector Team, Development Research Group, and Investment Climate Advisory Services Group—is part of a larger effort in the departments to study entrepreneurship.

USAID Poverty Assessment Tools Update
http://www.povertytools.org/tools.html
USAID and the IRIS Center at the University of Maryland want to make sure you are aware of the currently available Poverty Assessment Tools (PATs), the tools in development, and the resources available to implementers. There are 26 current USAID PATs, and new tools are expected to be available in late 2009 for Bolivia, Liberia, Nepal, Nigeria, West Bank, and Senegal.

USAID Value Chain Resources available in French and Spanish
View French resources at http://www.microlinks.org/francais
View Spanish resources at http://www.microlinks.org/espanol
Value Chain Finance, Integrating ICT into Value Chain Development, and Participatory Approaches to Value Chain Development are part of a briefing papers series emphasizing action-oriented recommendations for improved practice. In addition to these briefing papers, microLINKS contains a number of other resources available in French and Spanish.

Value Chain End-Market Research Toolkit Available
http://www.microlinks.org/ev_en.php?ID=39116_201&ID2=DO_TOPIC
The End-Market Toolkit: Upgrading Value Chain Competitiveness with Informed Choice informs implementers on the process and value of end-market research efforts for value chain development, provides a portfolio of tools, and grounds these tools through case studies of their practical application. The toolkit is divided into two broad sections in line with common practices in market research: Phase I: Secondary End-market Research, and Phase II: Primary End-market Research.

What future for the Cotonou Agreement?
http://www.cncd.be/spip.php?article610
The Cotonou Agreement is the jewel in the crown of EU development cooperation with the countries of the South and lays claim to a large proportion of development spending. However, nine years after its conclusion civil society organisations both in Europe and in the 77 countries in Africa, the Caribbean and the Pacific are asking questions. Does it really promote sustainable development, human rights and development cooperation in a spirit of mutual respect? The various authors who have contributed to this publication show that there are grounds for scepticism and that commercial and political interests tend get in the way. The book raises some serious questions by suggesting that although next year should only mark the half-way stage, the Cotonou Agreement has actually already run its course and invites the reader to think about why, despite the agreement’s imperfections, that conclusion is worrying. Source: CNCD

Working in Teams
http://tinyurl.com/m6t5e2
Cooperative work by a team can produce remarkable results. The challenge is to move from the realm of the possible to the realm of practice. Asian Development Bank Knowledge Solutions by Olivier Serrat.

May 2009

African Regional Integration and the Role of the European Union, ZEI Discussion Paper
http://aei.pitt.edu/9046/01/dp_c184_Kuehnhardt.pdf
African regional integration has had a remarkable new beginning since the formal beginning of the African Union (AU) in 2002. Following the Treaty of Abuja, in force since 2004 and envisaging an African Economic Community in six stages by 2028, and following the New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD), since 2002 a mandated initiative of the African Union including NEPAD’s unique African Peer Review Mechanism for the measuring of good governance, the African Union has become the frame for a new African regionalism.

BICC brief 38 ‘‘Digging for Peace –
Private Companies and Emerging Economies in Zones of Conflict”
http://www.bicc.de/uploads/pdf/publications/briefs/brief38/brief38.pdf
BICC, in association with the European Fatal Transactions network, held the international conference ‘‘DIGGING FOR PEACE - Private Companies and Emerging Economies in Zones of Conflict’‘ at the Deutsche Welle in Bonn in November 2008.

Business Associations, Business Climate, and Economic Growth: Evidence from Transition Economies
http://www.cipe.org/publications/papers/pdf/IP%2008-07%20ISNIE.pdf
Link between business associations and economic growth in the transitional economies of Central and Eastern Europe is re-examined through the prism of new institutional economics. By promoting a better business climate, market-enhancing business associations can help to build the foundation for economic growth.

Eldis OnDisc CD-ROM
http://community.eldis.org/.59933323/Blog/
This CD-ROM was produced in February 2009 by Eldis, at the Institute of Development Studies (IDS), University of Sussex, UK. It contains a selection of over 400 full text documents of manuals, toolkits and handbooks featured on Eldis from 1994 to mid-2008. The work of over 150 development organisations is presented, covering a wide range of subjects. Contact eldisondisc@ids.ac.uk if you would like us to send you more copies of this disc to share with your network or with colleagues and associates at meetings, conferences and training events.

How the Most Successful Reformers Organized Themselves
http://rru.worldbank.org/documents/publicpolicyjournal/318Ciscuolo_Palmade.pdf
Only a small number of developing economies have managed to grow out of poverty in one generation, sustaining GDP per capita growth at rates averaging more than 4 percent a year. Achieving this economic performance required deep microeconomic reforms spanning many policy areas and industries.

Improving impact evaluation production and use, ODI Working Paper 300
http://tinyurl.com/cbmdq3
The past five years have seen a proliferation of impact evaluations (IEs) by development agencies across the globe. This report was commissioned by the UK Department for International Development’s (DFID’s) Evaluation Department to inform discussions on impact evaluation production and use within the Network of Networks Impact Evaluation Initiative (NONIE). The paper concludes with policy implications regarding: strategic coordination, funding, knowledge management, capacity strengthening mechanisms and improving impact evaluation communication and uptake.

Is Informal Normal? Towards more and better jobs in developing countries
http://tinyurl.com/de9umr
An OECD Development Centre Perspective edited by Johannes P. Jütting and Juan R. de Laiglesia. Employment has a key role to play in reducing poverty and improving well-being. In the context of the OECD Development Centre’s Programme of Work 2007-2008, this study sheds new light on an old topic: how can we deal better with the reality of labour markets in developing countries with a view to achieving the Millennium Development Goals?

Making value chains work better for the poor: a toolbook for practitioners of value chain analysis
http://tinyurl.com/c6bm9j
Organized in two sections, the manual provides theoretical background on value chains as well as the pro-poor entry points for value chain analysis. It also outlines a set of eight value chain analysis tools, four of which are ‘core’ tools and four of which are ‘advanced’ tools, for undertaking pro-poor value chain analysis.

Microfinance and Climate Change: Threats and Opportunities
http://www.cgap.org/p/site/c/template.rc/1.26.10508/
In this focus note, CGAP offers MFIs practical guidance for enlisting microfinance clients in the fight against climate change. Microfinance institutions can have an exponential impact by empowering millions of clients with the knowledge and financing to effect positive change in their own communities.

Microfinance and the real economy: impacts and outcomes of the global economic crisis
http://tinyurl.com/djoy68
The current economic and social crisis provides an opportunity to re-think values and business models in finance. ILO Online spoke with Bernd Balkenhol, chief of the ILO's Social Finance Programme.

Microfinance Managers Consider Online Funding: Is It Finance, Marketing or Something Else Entirely? CGAP Focus Note
http://www.cgap.org/p/site/c/template.rc/1.26.5301
Online lending platforms like Kiva.org and MicroPlace.com have become wildly successful in raising funds for microentrepreneurs from individual online lenders and investors. But what are the pros and cons for microfinance institutions (MFIs)? These platforms use different business models, have varying legal issues, and have widely divergent business and social objectives.

Migration and Remittances Factbook 2008
http://tinyurl.com/5o6ct5
This World Bank factbook provides a snapshot of migration and remittances for all countries, regions and income groups of the world, compiled from available data from various sources. For the latest remittances data, please see Remittances data.

No Growth without Equity?
http://issuu.com/world.bank.publications/docs/9780821377673
The World Bank book analyzes this at two levels: first, exploring the links between inequality, interests, and economic growth; second, providing specific examples as to how rent-seeking behavior in key sectors of Mexico’s economy produce inefficiencies that are a source of low growth and income concentration. Mexico’s growth problem is unlikely to be solved if these underlying inequalities are not tackled; this has large implications for policy design. Edited by Michael Walton and Santiago Levy.

Opportunity and exploitation in urban labour markets:
better economic opportunity does not always mean better work
http://tinyurl.com/exqys
A new briefing paper brought out by the Overseas Development Institute (ODI) examines urbanisation and urban poverty from a labour market perspective and proposes ways in which urban development can be better managed.

Outlook for Remittance Flows 2008-2010: Growth expected to moderate significantly, but flows to remain resilient
http://tinyurl.com/7pb4cd

After several years of strong growth, remittance flows to developing countries began to slow down in the third quarter of 2008. This slowdown is expected to deepen further in 2009 in response to the global financial crisis, although the exact magnitude of the growth moderation (or outright decline in some cases) is hard to predict given the uncertainties about global growth, commodity prices, and exchange rates.

Peace Economies - a new frontier for sustainable enterprise
http://www.impact-dtg.com/articles/Page-3.html
Impact International have published a paper which explores the role the private sector can play in bringing fresh opportunities to regions mired in conflict.

Peacebuilding at a Crossroads? Dilemmas and Paths for Another Generation
http://www.frient.de/materialien/detaildoc.asp?id=976
Berghof Handbook Dialogue-Series by Beatrix Schmelzle and Martina Fischer (Eds.)

Supporting Regional Economic Integration and Cooperation
http://tinyurl.com/cm3hps
Regional integration can be seen as a multidimensional process where constituent states interact in different policy areas, including not only economic cooperation, but also foreign policy and security issues, social sectors and a cultural dimension. Nevertheless, trade and the economy remain central aspects of most ongoing integration schemes and the number of regional economic integration agreements is steadily increasing.

Sustainability - the Unfinished Business. Challenges in International Cooperation.
http://tinyurl.com/ddfp54
Edited by GTZ and Rat für Nachhaltige Entwicklung (RNE), the essays are intentended to show how the quest for sustainable development can provide orientation to all international cooperation.

The business of product innovation : international empirical evidence
http://tinyurl.com/dgt76w
It is so widely recognized that innovation is a key driver of economic growth that it is cliché to say so. This World Bank article studies product innovation by firms with data from 68 countries, covering more than 25,000 firms in eight manufacturing sectors. The author assesses the predictions of inter-disciplinary research on innovation by firms. The econometric evidence suggests that globalization and local knowledge increase the likelihood that firms will introduce new products. By contrast, domestic regulatory impediments to competition are not robustly correlated with product innovation.

The New Moneylenders: Are the Poor Being Exploited by High Microcredit Interest Rates.
http://www.cgap.org/p/site/c/template.rc/1.9.9534/
The CGAP report finds that while there are a few institutions charging rates that seem unreasonably high, most interest rates seem to be in line with MFIs costs. The report also finds that microcredit rates have been dropping by 2.3 percentage points each year since 2003, much more steeply than the decline of bank loan rates. Administrative costs are also declining along with lenders' profits- the savings are being passed to borrowers.

The private sector in security sector reform:
Essential but not yet Optimized
http://www.frient.de/materialien/detaildoc.asp?id=963
United States Institute of Peace Briefing by Robert Perito

The rural finance landscape. A practitioner's guide
http://www.networklearning.org/library/task,doc_download/gid,112/
This practitioner’s guide covers different financial services, products and methodologies. It takes you through different types of financial service providers and discusses good practices.

Why Aid Does Not Increase Savings Rates in Sub-Saharan Africa
http://www.soas.ac.uk/cdpr/publications/dv/49682.pdf
John Serieux of the University of Manitoba, and Terry McKinley, Director of CDPR, examine the debate on whether ODA has had a negative impact on savings rates in sub-Saharan Africa. Drawing on panel data for 29 countries in sub-Saharan Africa over the period 1965-2006, they maintain that standard analyses of this question have failed to recognize that a significant proportion of ODA has become a reverse capital outflow, with no impact on either domestic consumption or savings. This proportion becomes larger, they also note, when ODA is being continuously scaled up.

March 2009

Annual reports by the Independent Expert on human rights and extreme poverty
http://www2.ohchr.org/english/issues/poverty/expert/annual.htm
As determined by the Human Rights Council, the independent expert will continue to examine the relationship between the enjoyment of human rights and extreme poverty, paying particular attention to issues of discrimination and the situation of women, children, persons with disabilities and other vulnerable groups.

Chronic Poverty Research Centre Bibliographic Database
http://support.biblioscape.com:8002/bw_login.htm
The CPRC Bibliographic Database provides a searchable index of publications related to chronic poverty, produced by CPRC and others.

DAC Scoping Study of Donor Poverty Reduction Policies and Practices
http://www.oecd.org/document/...
The DAC Scoping Study of Donor Poverty Reduction Policies and Practices assesses the performance of development agencies. Development agencies are more determined than ever before to ensure development co-operation results in poverty reduction. The fact that all OECD/DAC Member Governments have signed up to the International Development Goals is the clearest sign of this commitment.

Guidelines for Successful Poverty Reduction in the Work of GTZ
http://www.gtz.de/de/dokumente/en-guidelines-fightingpoverty.2007.pdf
By providing practical advice, the guidelines aim to help mainstream poverty reduction even more successfully in the work of GTZ. The guidelines ofer suggestions, lines of argument, references for further reading, links and methodological pointers that can help us support our partners in reducing poverty sustainably. Practical examples and references to existing GTZ guidelines complement the present guidelines.

Poverty and Social Impact Analysis of Reforms: Lessons and Examples from Implementation
http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTPSIA/Resources/brochure_PSIALessons.pdf
Poverty and Social Impact Analysis of Reforms presents a collection of case studies that illustrate the spectrum of sectors and policy reforms to which PSIA can be applied; it also elaborates on the broad range of analytical tools and techniques that can be used for PSIA. The case studies provide examples of the impact that PSIA can have on the design of policy reforms and draw operational lessons for PSIA implementation.

Poverty-Environment-Gender Linkages
http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/47/46/1960506.pdf
Poverty reduction, economic growth and the maintenance of life-supporting environmental resources are inextricably linked. This document attempts to clarify the key linkages between these areas, with special attention paid to their gender dimension and the policy implicatons at the local, sectoral and national levels. It aims to provide an analytical road-map which could be used a reference for more detailed sector and country-specific examinations.

Using PSIA to Support Development Policy Operations
http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTPSIA/Resources/GPN_August08_final.pdf
This Good Practice Note provides advice to World Bank task teams on when, why and how to conduct PSIA as part of preparing a Development Policy Operation (DPO). This note updates the 2004 Good Practice Note by incorporating practical lessons from PSIA implementation over the past three years, as well as comments received during the external consultations held in 2007/08.

What Connects Regulatory Governance to Poverty?
http://www.competition-regulation.org.uk/publications/working_papers/WP118.pdf
Martin Minogue, Centre on Regulation and Competition Working Paper Series – June 2005
The paper describes the different interpretations of poverty and the interpretation of regulatory governance and examines the possible linkages between regulatory governance and poverty reduction. Relative poverty – meaning falling behind most others in the community – is often even more strengthened by restrictively market-oriented policy formulation that does not take into account the cultural context and the specific understanding and knowledge regarding the inputs and choices of affected parties.

February 2009

A better future for Africa: recommendations from the private sector
http://tinyurl.com/ckg9oj
Produced by: Africa Commission (2008), Confederation of Danish Industy
In May 2009, the Africa Commission chaired by the Danish prime minister will present its final recommendations for future development cooperation with Africa. Correspondingly, this report includes a revision of the most imminent challenges facing business in Africa today, beside a number of recommendations for action.

Announcement of New Briefing Series: ''Financing for Development''
http://tinyurl.com/d7m7qp
German Development Institute (GDI) has announced a new briefing series.

Building a new aid relationship: The Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness:
http://tinyurl.com/bg6ga9
This publication is an overview of the goals of the Paris Declaration and the progress achieved by countries and development partners on aid effectiveness in the last years. It was distributed during the Third High Level Forum on Aid Effectiveness in Accra. The study published by the Canadian International Development Agency, OECD and the World Bank provides a general and practical perspective of the aid effectiveness agenda by describing concrete experiences on ownership, alignment, harmonization, managing for results ad mutual accountability in different countries such as Afghanistan, Cambodia, Ethiopia, Ghana, Mexico and Zambia. It is also a useful guide for development practitioners, government officials, civil society activists and public audience interest in understanding the aid effectiveness based on the Paris Declaration and illustrates the different achievements and challenges to move forward the agenda to 2011.

'Crisis? What Crisis?' Anatomy of the Regulatory Failure in Finance
http://www.dhf.uu.se/critical_currents_no5.html
Danish Institute for Inter national Studies (DIIS); Working Paper No. 2008/25, Author: Jakob Vestergaard.

DFID have launched their private sector strategy
http://businessfightspoverty.ning.com/group/thebookclub/forum/topics/new-private-sector-development
The Strategy ''Prosperity for All: Making Markets Work'' was launched as part of a series of events on Harnessing the Power of Business for Development Impact. Join teh discussion at Business Fights Poverty (on NING).

EU: Report on the Implementation of the Euro-Mediterranean Charter for Enterprise
http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/enterprise_policy/ind_coop_programmes/med/charter.htm
Since its adoption in 2004, the Euro-Mediterranean Charter for Enterprise has been guiding MED governments’ policy towards enhancing private enterprise sector development. Following an eight-month pilot project assessing the status of implementation of the Charter in Med Countries (Algeria, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco, the Palestinian Authority, Syria and Tunisia), the European Commission, in collaboration with the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development – OECD, the European Training Foundation – ETF and the European Investment Bank – EIB, has recently published a report providing a comprehensive overview of enterprise policies underlining the importance of a further close cooperation in the Med region.

How the Rich are Destroying the Earth
http://tinyurl.com/c5mm34
Herve Kempf, the long-time environmental editor at Le Monde, draws attention to the issues the economists have fundamentally ignored in his book How the Rich are Destroying the Earth. Among these issues is the idea that a sustainable future is predicated upon social transformation, which must precede any return to ecological balance on this earth. Solving the social and environmental crises can only happen by disrupting the power of the global oligarchs, the hyper-rich along with their political lackeys.

Gender and the MDGs: a gender lens is vital for pro-poor results
http://tinyurl.com/aonfhb
Produced by: Overseas Development Institute (2008)
Greater gender equality can help to reduce the root causes of poverty and vulnerability and contribute to sustainable pro-poor growth. This short Briefing Paper discusses how gender relations underpin four clusters of Goals: those on poverty and sustainable development, service access, care and care-giving and voice and agency. The authors look at ways to promote an interlinked gender-sensitive approach to the MDG achievement.

Interdisciplinary Research for Development: A Workbook on Content and Process Challenges
http://www.gdnet.org/pdf2/multidiscplinary/GDN_IRD.pdf
Global Development Network (GDN), Editors: Malcolm MacLachlan, Stuart Carr, Ishbel McWha.

Malawi's Green Gold: Challenges and Opportunities for Small and Medium Forest Enterprises in Reducing Poverty
http://www.iied.org/pubs/display.php?o=13545IIED&n=1& ;l=329&c=forestry
International Institute for Environment and Development Authors (IIED); Book: Authors: Patrick Kambewa and Henry Utila.

Measuring Results achieved in Private Sector Development
http://www.enterprise-development.org/page/measuring-and-reporting-results
Little has been published on the results achieved in Private Sector Development (PSD) - even though those results are often very impressive. The DCED is therefore looking at ways to encourage more measurement of results - by piloting a new approach.n The DCED Standard for Measuring and Reporting Results has been revised, in light of the lessons learnt during 2008. Further roll-out is now planned for 2009, and an invitation has been issued to programmes wishing to participate. This study concluded that the insistence on rigour was preventing most programmes from publishing numbers that were approximately correct; the DCED is therefore looking at whether programmes could agree on a basic, minimum standard for measuring (approximate) results, which could ultimately be adopted on a multi-agency basis.

Method: Business Centre Establishment
http://www.methodfinder.net/index.php?page=methods&methodID=80
The purpose of the Business Centre Establishment programme is to develop and strengthen business centres and other business advisory mechanisms so that they may help small-scale enterprises develop entrepreneurial, managerial and technical skills for further growth and development.

OECD: SME financing in the global financial crisis
http://tinyurl.com/b38cyy
In a world troubled by a global financial and economic crisis, Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) are particularly vulnerable to the credit crunch due to their heavy dependence on bank credit and limited recourse to financial markets. In this scenario, the OECD report on ''SME financing in the global financial crisis” suggests a number of measures to be adopted to deal with the immediate adverse impacts of the global crisis.

Political economy of development and poverty in Africa: an overview.
A new approach to development in Africa .
http://www.eldis.org/go/country-profiles&id=41675&type=Document
This INSouth paper by A.C. Prabhakar argues for a historical materialist approach, which exposes the condition of widespread routine poverty, unemployment, malnutrition and inequality to be a modern world-historical product, the outcome of five centuries of global capitalist expansion under relations of imperialism. The author attempts to reach an alternative approach to the development of the African society. Despite being richly endowed in mineral resources, most Africans derive little benefit from this wealth. Additional problems regarding the legacy of colonialism have exacerbated existing issues of territoriality, ethnicity, trading difficulties, aid and debt and poor governance.

Shaping globalisation. Scaling up Voluntary Social and Ecological Standards
http://tinyurl.com/b6g4cj
Voluntary social and ecological standards are hallmarked by their closeness to the market. Experience increasingly teaches us that the obstacles to development and freedom are best countered with instruments and arguments that are embedded in a market environment. The results of the evaluation presented in the following pages show that living conditions clearly change for the better when voluntary standards are adopted.

The Global Financial Crisis and Developing Countries
http://tinyurl.com/agcqy3
Overseas Development Institute (ODI); Background Note, Author: Dirk Willem te Velde
What does the turmoil mean for developing countries? Many developing country economies are still growing strongly, but forecasts have been downgraded substantially in the space of a few months. And for how much longer can growth persist? What are the channels through which the crisis could spread to developing countries and how are the effects being felt in developing countries?

Towards Human Rights-consistent
Trade Policies
http://www.3dthree.org/pdf_3D/HR&tradepolicies.pdf
The purpose of the publication is to encourage advocates for fairer trade and development policies to use the human rights framework. As Towards Human Rights Consistent Trade Policies shows, the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights has often raised trade-related issues with the 160 States which are parties to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights.

Unemployment Duration, Job Search and Labour Market Segmentation
http://www.uea.ac.uk/polopoly_fs/1.100881%21devwp11.pdf
Evidence from Urban Ethiopia. Overseas Development Group (ODG); Working Paper No 11, Author: Pieter Serneels.

Using Knowledge to Improve Development Effectiveness
http://siteresources.worldbank.org/EXTECOSECWOR/Resources/esw_full_eval.pdf
An Evaluation of World Bank Economic and Sector Work and Technical Assistance, 2000–2006. In 1996 the World Bank committed itself to becoming a ''global knowledge bank,” using knowledge to improve the development effectiveness of its work. In fiscal 2008, the Bank reiterated its focus on knowledge and learning, naming it as one of its six strategic directions. This evaluation focuses on two of the analytical and advisory activities through which the Bank provides knowledge to its client countries: economic and sector work (ESW) and nonlending technical assistance (TA).

Private Sector Development in (Post-) Conflict Situations: Guidebook
http://www.gtz.de/de/dokumente/en-PSD-conflict-guidebook-2008.pdf
This GTZ-publication provides an overview of the state of knowledge regarding PSD in (post-) conflict situations. It addresses practitioners who plan or implement PSD projects, in particular in the context of German Development Cooperation. The publication is a comprehensive summary of practical field experiences and various source documents published by the sector projects ‘Innovative Approaches for Private Sector Development’ and ‘Crisis Prevention and Conflict Transformation in Development Cooperation’ of the German Ministry of Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ). Source: GTZ-NEDAnews

Economic Development in conflict-affected countries: Practitioners‘ Note
http://www.gtz.de/de/dokumente/en-PSD-conflict-guidebook-2008.pdf
BMZ/GTZ and FIAS decided to integrate their practical experiences in this Practitioners’ Note on ''Economic Development in Conflict-Affected Countries”. The Practitioners’ Note takes stock of lessons learned and offers recommendations for conflict-sensitive PSD interventions. This Note is a complement to a handbook on investment climate reform in conflict-affected countries (FIAS) and a Guidebook on PSD in (Post-) Conflict Situations (GTZ). Source: GTZ-NEDAnews

GTZ-Toolkit ''Get Youth on Board!'' on Youth Employment
http://www2.gtz.de/wbf/doc/Employment.pdf
The high percentage of youth unemployment has been recognised as one of the most serious barriers to economic and social development in many developing and developed countries. To promote young people’s access to the labour market and to productive employment cross-sectoral youth employment strategies must be developed and implemented. These strategies must create synergies between policies and institutions at work in the economic, labour, education and social sectors. Source: GTZ-NEDAnews

Lessons Learned and Recommendations for Donors Supporting Microinsurance
http://tinyurl.com/cof88y
This CGAP Note provides an overview of current donor approaches for supporting microinsurance, synthesizes key lessons, and offers guidance to donors that are considering launching or already implementing microinsurance programs. It offers a framework that is general enough to be applied in various contexts, recognizing the diversity in approaches that different donors take. Source: GTZ-NEDAnews

Migrant Remittances: A Development Challenge, African Development Bank 2008
http://tinyurl.com/cjndp8
The purpose of the study conducted by the African Development Bank is to take stock of the overall financial flows from the Diaspora. It seeks to identify the mechanisms governing the remittances market, the supply and demand determinants, the volume of the flows, as well as the formal and informal channels that exist, their distribution and utilization. Source: GTZ-NEDAnews

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